stockwell



(ModeL) 8 SheetsSheet 1.

E. STOOKWELL.

BOLT WORK MECHANISM.

Patented May 21, 1889.

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w m y INVENTORI By/ulv flttorney y kgtock wel' WITNESSES 6 6b. WW I N.PETERS. Puma Lllhugqphcr. \Vnshlnglnn. D C.

(Modem 8 Sheets-Sheet 2.

E. STOCKWELL. BOLT WORK MECHANISM.

No 403,563. Patented May 21, 1889.

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WITNESSES u. Pnzns. Pholn-Lithngmpher Washington, D. c.

(Modem 8 SheetsSheet 4.

E STOGKWELL BOLT WORK MEGHANISM.

Patented May 21, 1889.

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WITNESSES Enw By 72w Attorney (Modem 8 Sheets-Sheet 5.

E. STOOKWELL.

BOLT WORK MECHANISM.

- No. 403,563. j atented May 21, 1889.

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I l/ a n" ll l 1| WITNESSES. VENTOR j v vd, By 721.} flttorney' ly N.PETERS. Phn'o Lima m her. Wflshmgmn, D. c.

(Modem 8 Sheets-Sheet 6.

E STOGKWELL BOLT WORK MECHANISM.

No. 403,563. Patented May 21, 1889.

INVENTOR- 7 4 Byw flttomgyE 17 01 yd'taak wall,

(Modem 8 SheetsSheet 'z.

E. STO'GKWE LL.

BOLT WORK MECHANISM.

No. 408.563. Patented May 21, 1889'.

WITNESSES INVENTOR N. Pnzns Phaplvllmgmphon Washinglnn. D. c

(Modem 8 Sheets-Sheet 8.

E. STOCKWELL.

BOLT WORK MBGHANIsM.

No. 403,563. Patented May 21, 1889.

- INVENTOR jta C1 JYLw num v1 y iulsflttfrgh y WITNESSES ATENT OFFICE.

EMORY STOCKVELL, OF STAMFORD, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO THE YALE & TOIVNEMANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

BOLT-WORK MECHANISM.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 403,563, dated May 21,1889.

Serial No. 278,775. (MotleL) To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EMORY STocKwELL, of Stamford, in the county ofFairlield and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Mechanism for Throwing and Retracting the Bolt-\Vork ofSafes and Vaults to Fasten and Unfasten their Doors, of which thefollowing is a specification.

My improvements relate to that class of bolt-work which has noconnection by means of a spindle or otherwise wit-l1 the outside of asafe or vault door, but which is operated from the inside of the doorwhen it is closed by means of springs. These springs are, as usual, soarranged that part of them may serve to throw the bolt-work into thefastening position when they are released by the act of closing thedoor, and that another part of them may serve to retract the bolt-workwhen they are released by the operation of timelock mechanism.

My invention consists in certain improvements pointed out below indetail upon the class of interior automatic boltoperating mechanismabove mentioned, part of which class was invented by E. \V. Fowler, andis shown in his United States Patents N 0. 317,986, granted May1U,1S85,and No. 331,890, granted December 1., 1885.

In order to fully illustrate the construction, operation, and relationsof the parts of my improvements to one another and to what it isessential to use in practice, it is necessary to show a completeautomatically-operative system of bolt-work upon a door, part of whichis old and well known, and part of which is the invention of the saidFowler.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is an elevation of the inside ofa safe door having my improved double automatic boltoperating mechanismapplied to it. Fig. 2 is a view of my improved double mechanism detachedand with the cap-plate of its case removed. Fig. is a view of my singlemechanism in the locked position with the cap-plate of its case removed.Fig. 4 is. a view of the same in the unlocked position.

Fig. 5 is a side elevation of the same, the capplat-e being shown indotted lines and in place. Fig. 0 is a section taken on the line (3 6 ofFig. 3, the cap-plate being indicated in dotted lines and the parts allbeing in the unlocked position. Fig. 7 is a section on the same line,showing the springs removed and the parts in the positions they occupywhen the unlocking-springs are compressed and when the bolts have beenthrown forward by the locking-springs. Fig. 8 is a similar sectionshowing the parts in the position they occupy when all of the springsare compressed and ready for action. Fig. 9 is a back or rear view ofthe bolt-throwing mechanism. Fig. 10 is a section taken on the line 1010 of Fig. 1). Fig. 11 is a perspective view of the capplate removed.Fig. 12 is a section on the line 12 12 of Fig. 2. Fig. 13 is a viewsimilar to that shown 011 the right-hand end of Fig. 2, but in a reverseposition. Fig. 1+L is a side elevation of the parts shown in Fig. 13.Fig. 15 is a view showing the operation of a single unlocking mechanismwhen its duplicate has not worked. Fig. 16 is a perspective view of asingle wrench detached.

Referring to the letters upon the drawings, Fig. 1, A designates a safeor vault door, 13 a frame for supporting the bolt-work upon the insideof the door, C the sliding bolts, and D a carrying-bar rigidlyconnecting them, all these parts being of ordinary construction.

E, Fig. 2, indicates a case for containing the bolt-throwing mechanism.This case is provided with a removable cap, F, Fig. 1, secured in placeby means of screws C. It is also provided at one end with a projection,H, forming a piston box or cylinder, and at the other end it is partlycut away, so as to leave an opening at I, Figs. 6, 7, and 9. Theremaining part of its end wall, K, Figs. 7, 8, and 0, is slotted at L.This case is preferably provided within with spring-separatingpartitions M, Figs. 2 and 9, (but these are not essential,) and alsowith cross-partition N, Fig. 9 and 9, piston-rod guide 0, Figs. 6, 7,and 8, and lug P, Fig. 9, all preferably cast integral with the case.

Q, Figs. 6, 7, S, and 9, designates a sliding spring carrier or bearingcontaining recesses R and R for sustaining the inner ends of dent-allyhelps to stay them in place.

. angle-plate provided with a narrow slot, c.

two separate sets of coiled springs, S and S, Fig. 6, the former being.what I call the looking springs and the latter the unlockingspringsthat is to say, the former being the springs which throw thebolt-work into the locked position and the latter those which (theirouter ends bearing on the end wall of the case at E) throw it into theunlocked position.

The spring-carrier is provided with a drawbar, T, Figs. 2 and 9, whichforms a horizontal partition between the springs and inci- This draw-baris provided at its front end with a cross-head, U, Figs. 4, 5, 6, '7, 8,and 9. The rear end of the spring-carrier is connected with thepiston-rod V, carrying the pistonhead W within the cylinder H, Figs. 6,7, and

8. The object of this piston and cylinder is 'to form an air cushion orbuffer to prevent the shock which would otherwise be occasioned by theforce of the unlocking-springs S in retracting the bolt-work. Thepistonhead is made so tight within the cylinder that the air will onlyenter and escape around its margin slowly; but any other usual means ofproviding for the ingress and egress of air would serve as well.

X and Y, Figs. 6, 7, 8, and 9, indicate to gle-levers, the formerpivoted to the lug P and the latter pivoted to the rear end of thespring-carrier Q. The toggle-shaft Z is secured to the lever X, so thatthe lever must turn with it, and extends through the lockcase andprojects to the front of it through the cap F, and is provided therewith a head, a, having three pin-holes, a, Figs. 3 and 4, for thereception of the three pins 1) upon the setting wrench or lever c, Fig.16.

d, Figs. 1, 2, ,4, 5, G, 7, and 8, indicates an and a wider slot, f,Figs. 1 and 4, which are connected together. This plate by its narrowslot straddles the draw-bar T behind the cross-head U, so that the wideslot f forms an opening for the movement of the cross-head U forward.The part g, Figs. 1, 6, '7, and 8, of the angle-plate serves as abearing for the slidingpush-blocks g, which receive the front ends ofthe locking-springs and pass through the opening I, Figs. 6, 7, and 8.

.Upon the front part of the case, behind the cap F, is secured a systemof levers and latch mechanism. Referring to this lever and latchmechanism, Figs. 3, 4, 5, and 6, 7.: indicates a lever-arm projectingfrom the toggle-shaft Z, and Z indicates a shoulder made by forming adepressionor recess in one side of the toggleshaft head. I

m designates a lever pivoted at n, the

short arm of which, when the springs are connected by means of a slot,0, and pin 19 with another lever, q, pivoted at '1 and pro vided with alatch-stud, s, with which the pivot-latch 25 engages, as shown in Fig.3. The arm a of the latch 15 is operated upon for unlatching, inpractice, by time mechanism; but

as that forms no part of my present invention it is not illustrated.

When the toggle-shaft Z is turned by means of the wrench c, Fig. 16, itoperates the toggle-levers X Y and moves forward the springcarrier andcompresses all of the springs ready for locking and unlocking. (SeeFigs. 6, '7, 8, and 9.) At the same time the arm 70, Figs. 2, 3, 4, and5, will be forced against the long arm of the lever m, which in turnwill swing the lever q upon its pivot into position to be caught by thepivoted latch 75, hooking around stud s, which will hold theunlockingsprings in the retracted position where the power of the wrenchhas placed them. The parts are so adjusted that a very slight forceapplied by means of time mechanism or otherwise to the arm a of thepivoted latcht will disengage it and permit the retraction of theunlocking-springs; but the first action of the springs is of course tothrow forward the bolt-work and fasten the door closed. This is done bythe act of shutting the door, which in the usual Way turns the trip-stopt', Fig. 1, out of the path of the lug t on the carrying bar D andpermits the locking springs to thrust forward the sliding pushblocks g,which in turn thrust forward the angle-plate d and the carrying-bar andboltwork. This operation expends the force of the locking-springswithout disturbing that conserved in the unlocking-springs, so that whentime mechanism or other power releases the pivot-latch t theunlocking-springs expend their force to retract the spring-carrier,angle-plate, and bolt-work, the cross-head U drawing back theangle-plate.

The foregoing description applies to a single mechanism to be set, asdescribed, for throwing bolt-work into the locked and unlockedpositions; but my invention relates in part to a double mechanism forthat purpose. Each part of my double mechanism, however, is exactly likethat above described, the difference being only in such parts as serveto operatively connect and disconnect the two separate automatic springacting mechanisms. Therefore, I have adopted the plan of describing asingle mechanism, desiring it to be understood that the double mechanismis only two single mechanisms, each such as described, combined togetherby the novel means I will now describe, double mechanism broadly beingthe invention of said Fowler.

Referring to Fig. 1, w designates a handlever pivotally fulcrumed atw'-.and having centrally pivoted to it two parallel cross-arm s, a: andy. These arms are at their ends pivoted tothe handles of wrenches a,such as already described, which by their pins set into holes of theheads a. This double lever mechanism will compress all the springs andset both parts of the double mechanism at once. Not only this; it isdetachable, like the single wrench described, and cannot be applied andworked except when both sets of pin-holes are parallel. The result isthat in case one mechanism has got out of order, or has not operated toretract the bolts a person attempting to apply the double wrench tocompress the springs will be warned that something is wrong and put oninquiry about it. This affords protection against mistakes which mightbe mischievous were only a single wrench used first to set one part andthen another of the double mechanism, because in that case a carelessperson might set only one mechanism and might not notice that the otherwas out of order or had not operated to unfasten; but the constructionis such that should it become necessary a single wrench could betemporarily used to set either or both parts of the double mechanism.

Referring now to Fig. 2, which illustrates the tripping mechanismconnecting both parts of the double mechanism so as to operate bothsimultaneously for unfastening the boltwork, .2 indicates a pivotedlever, one end of which is adapted to be moved by time mechanism or anyother power. To the other end of this lever is pivoted a link, a alsopivoted to a centrally-pivoted lever, Z2 One end of the lever b is inposition to release one of the latches I, and the other end of the leveris in position to release the other latch it. These latches arepreferably provided with springs 0 as shown, by which they are keptconstantly in position for engagement with the latclrstuds s. Duplicateparts (L2 and .2 are provided, so that two time mechanisms can be used.By this mechanism both parts of the double mechanism will ordinarily beoperated for unlocking simultaneously, which gives greater security inthrowingheavyboltwork; but as each one is entirely independ ent of theother it will work whether the other works or not, so that in case onepart of the double mechanism should get out of orper or fail to work theother part will perform the unlocking function, because each part hasits own complete sets of springs, its own air-cushion, and all the otherelements essential to complete individual operation.

The locking-springs and the unlockingsprings are absolutely independentof each other in all their functions. IVhile they are both compressed atonce, they are released in opposite directions, so that it is notnecessary that the locking-springs should shoot forward the wholedistance required to completely throw the bolt-work. In fact it is notneces sary that the locking-springs act at all upon the bolt-work inorder to secure the working of the unlocking-springs, although, ofcourse, they will not retract the bolt-work itself unless it has beenmore or less thrown forward by some agency.

In a double apparatus for retracting bolts,

in order that each part of it may be independent, it is of coursenecessary to provide that if one part of the apparatus should fail, theother, being tripped, would still retract the bolts. This may beaccomplished in a simple manner by making the springs which throw thebolts of less strength than the springs which retract them, as shown inFig. 6, so that the latter may overcome the former. It is obvious thatthis construction requires much greater strength in the retractingsprings, because each of these springs must be suiliciently strong ofitself to not only throw the bolt-work, but to overcome the force of thelocking-springs, and in this construction, therefore, the buffers are ofprime necessity in order to avoid undue shock to the boltwork; but inFig. 2 I show another and preferable method, for the reason that in thisconstruction when one part of the apparatus fails to act the part whichfails willbe thrown out of contact with the bolt-work, and will allowthe active side of the machine to do the work without the necessity ofovercoming the power of the locking-springs of that side which hasfailed to work.

The device referred to consists in a yoke, 20, which is pivotallyconnected to the two draw-bars T by elongated slots 1*, as shown. Thisyoke has rearwardly-projecting curved arms 23 and 3 which, when thebolts are in the locked position, as shown in Fig. 2, rest against theslotted push-dogs 2 and 2 that are pivotally connected to the slidingpush blocks gt and held in their proper position by springs 22. Thesedogs bear at their front ends against the angle-plate (Zor carrying-barto which the plate is secured, and serve to push out the parts andfasten the bolt-work when the locking-springs exert their force for thatpurpose upon the sliding push-blocks 9. These push-blocks, when forcedout, come against the steps or brackets 21 on the drawbars T, whichprevent them from going too far forward under the impulse of thelocking-springs. These brackets serve to keep the draw-bars and thepush-blocks in operative relations to each other. They draw back thesliding push-blocks 9 when the unlocking-springs draw back the draw-barsT and their cross-heads U. .VVithout such mechanism whenever one side ofthe mechanism unlocked and the other did not the jar or recoil would betaken up by the yoke 20, which would be likely to be injured; but thebrackets prevent any injury to the mechanism from the thrust of eitherthe looking or unloekin g springs.

It is evident that should one part of the mechanism fail to work somemeans must be provided for removing the push-dogs 2 and 2 out of the wayof the angle-plate (Z, or else the bolt-work could not be retracted,except oted yoke and slots and pivots of the pusl1- dogs.

Suppose, for example, that the lower mechanism failed to work, and theupper one was i tripped by the time-lock. The operation would then be asfollows: The draw-barT'would move backward, and, asit would have to movea certain distance before its cross head' U would come in contact withthe angle-plate d dog 2 into a horizontal position. This would bring itopposite a pocket, 5, in the angleplate, so that the boltrwork could beretracted without overcoming the locking-springs. Then the draw-bar Twould retract the carryingbar of the bolt-work, the curved arm 3 of theyoke passing through a slot in the push-dog 2*, as shown. Should theother mechanism fail to work, a similar action would take place with theyoke and upper push-bar, as will be clear from the drawings.

What I claim as my invention is 1. In an automatic double bolt-operatingdevice, the combination of aseries of locking and unlocking mechanismsand a series of fastening mechanisms adapted to release both lockingmechanisms by the action of either one or more time mechanisms,substantially as set forth.

2. In combination with a case containing bolt-throwing mechanism, a capfor protecting the locking-levers and provided with an aperture, so thatthe setting-wrench may be applied without removing the cap,substantially as set forth.

3. A double automatic bolt-operating device composed of duplicate singleautomatic bolt-operating devices, combined with mechanism forsimultaneously setting them and with mechanism for simultaneouslyreleasing them, substantially as set forth.

4. The combination of a double-mechanism for throwing bolt-work and adouble wrench for simultaneously setting both parts of the doublemechanism, substantially as set forth.

5. In combination with a double automatic mechanism for throwing bolts,a double wrench constructed with parallel pivoted arms, so that neitherof said arms can operate its proper looking or toggle shaft unless bothmechanisms are unlocked, substantially as set forth.

6. In a double bolt-operating mechanism, the double wrench, incombination with two locking-shafts and a fixed pivot which serves as aguide and support around which the wrench rotates in setting themechanisms, substantially as set forth.

7. In adouble wrench for setting a double bolt-operating mechanism, ahand-lever, w, connected to two single arms or wrenches by means of thecross-arm cc,'substantially as se forth.

8. In a double bolt-throwing device, two pivoted push-dogs whichnormally rest against some portion of the bolt-work and either of which,upon the failure of its side of the boltthrowing mechanism to work, maybe pushed out of connection with the bolt-work, so as to offer noobstruction to its retraction, substantially as set forth. 7

9. In a double automatic bolt-throwing device, two independentdraw-bais', each provided with a bracket or support for holding thepush-blocks in proper position, substantially asset forth.

10. Ina'double bolt-operating mechanism, the combination of twoindependent drawbars, and a yoke pivotally connecting them and providedwith projecting arms resting against slotted push dogswhereby if one ofsaid mechanisms fails to act the arm of the yoke will push aside andpass through the push-dog, thus disconnecting and rendering harmlessthat mechanism which has failed to work, substantially as set forth.

11. In a double automatic bolt-operating mechanism, the combination of adouble pivotal arm and two retaining-hooks which are both moved by saidarm through the operation of a time lock or looks and both mechanismsreleased thereby, substantially as set forth.

12. In a double wrench for setting a double bolt-operating mechanism, ahand-lever, 10, connected to two single arms by means of the parallelpivoted cross-arms at and 11 which maintain the arms parallel to eachother, sub-

